Főleg Európa népeinek genetikai összetételéről, ami történelem során folyamatosan változott szól a topik. A neandervölyiektől kezdve. A történelmi összefüggéseken van a hangsúly.
A legkozelebbi egy ferfi, aki a Kronan hadihajon szolgalt, mikor az elsullyedt az Olandi csataban 1676-ban. Vele kb. Kr.u. 150 korul elt kozos osunk.
Utanna egy viking akivel kr.u 50 korul elt kozos osom.
Majd a hamis Beethoven hajtincs "tulajdnosa" "Cramolini-Brown". kr. e. 100.
Ket got, a kozos os kb kr.e.350.
Utanna meg rengeteg kozepkori lengyel akikkel szinten Krisztus elott 350 korul elhetett a kozos os.
A maiak kozul, egy cseh es egy katolikus lengyel szarmazasu amerikai - aki Szileziabol szarmazott - , akikkel kb Krisztus utan 800 korul elt a kozos osunk.
Érdekes, főleg az a megállapítás, hogy azért maradtak nagyjából változatlanok genetikailag Európa országai a bronzkor után, mert a távoli területekről érkező bevándorlók a városokban éltek, ahol sokkal magasabb volt a halandóság mint falun, ahol maradt a régi népesség ( nyilván vannak kivételek, mint Magyarország ).
Ancient DNA research in the past decade has revealed that European population structure changed dramatically in the prehistoric period (14,000–3000 years before present, YBP), reflecting the widespread introduction of Neolithic farmer and Bronze Age Steppe ancestries. However, little is known about how population structure changed from the historical period onward (3000 YBP - present). To address this, we collected whole genomes from 204 individuals from Europe and the Mediterranean, many of which are the first historical period genomes from their region (e.g. Armenia and France). We found that most regions show remarkable inter-individual heterogeneity. At least 7% of historical individuals carry ancestry uncommon in the region where they were sampled, some indicating cross-Mediterranean contacts. Despite this high level of mobility, overall population structure across western Eurasia is relatively stable through the historical period up to the present, mirroring geography. We show that, under standard population genetics models with local panmixia, the observed level of dispersal would lead to a collapse of population structure. Persistent population structure thus suggests a lower effective migration rate than indicated by the observed dispersal. We hypothesize that this phenomenon can be explained by extensive transient dispersal arising from drastically improved transportation networks and the Roman Empire’s mobilization of people for trade, labor, and military. This work highlights the utility of ancient DNA in elucidating finer scale human population dynamics in recent history.
Így terjednek a pletykák. Egyrészt közelében sem vagyok a teljes magyar származáshoz (horvát-bunyevác, német sőt szlovák is van bennem bőven), nem gondolom úgy, hogy egy Árpád-házi zabigyerek lenne az egyenesági felmenőim. Minden ilyesmire utalás a humor kategóriában van.
Egyedül III.András származása kétséges, mivel az apja nem biztos hogy II.András fia volt, de elvileg az III.András apjának csontváza meglehet egy velencei templom kriptájában.
Tekintve, hogy 1 csontvázat cca 200 csont alkot, 600 x 200 = nagyon sok, ennyi egyedi vizsgálatra biztosan nem lesz pénz -- és felesleges is. Az alapinfó meglesz (= leszármazások/azonosítások), az újratemetések inkább szimbolikusak lesznek.
Beszámolt arról is, hogy jó ütemben haladnak a székesfehérvári királyi maradványok történelmi archeogenetikai kutatásai. Ennek kapcsán jelezte: hatszáz összekeveredett csontvázból vettek mintát, ebből négyszáz esetben hiánytalanul sikerült a teljes DNS-meghatározás.
Közölte: a fennmaradó kétszáz „degradált csontváz” vizsgálata is biztosan befejeződik ebben az évben. „Hogy mikor tudunk eljutni a 15 király végső azonosításáig, az attól függ, hogy az engedélyeket mikor kapjuk meg” – jegyezte meg Kásler Miklós, hozzátéve: az összehasonlításhoz referenciaszemélyként szóba jöhető királyok maradványainak mintavételéhez folyamatosan kérik az engedélyeket.
The extent of the devastation of the Black Death pandemic (1346–1353) on European populations is known from documentary sources and its bacterial source illuminated by studies of ancient pathogen DNA. What has remained less understood is the effect of the pandemic on human mobility and genetic diversity at the local scale. Here, we report 275 ancient genomes, including 109 with coverage >0.1×, from later medieval and postmedieval Cambridgeshire of individuals buried before and after the Black Death. Consistent with the function of the institutions, we found a lack of close relatives among the friars and the inmates of the hospital in contrast to their abundance in general urban and rural parish communities. While we detect long-term shifts in local genetic ancestry in Cambridgeshire, we find no evidence of major changes in genetic ancestry nor higher differentiation of immune loci between cohorts living before and after the Black Death.
Western Eurasia witnessed several large-scale human migrations during the Holocene1,2,3,4,5. Here, to investigate the cross-continental effects of these migrations, we shotgun-sequenced 317 genomes—mainly from the Mesolithic and Neolithic periods—from across northern and western Eurasia. These were imputed alongside published data to obtain diploid genotypes from more than 1,600 ancient humans. Our analyses revealed a ‘great divide’ genomic boundary extending from the Black Sea to the Baltic. Mesolithic hunter-gatherers were highly genetically differentiated east and west of this zone, and the effect of the neolithization was equally disparate. Large-scale ancestry shifts occurred in the west as farming was introduced, including near-total replacement of hunter-gatherers in many areas, whereas no substantial ancestry shifts happened east of the zone during the same period. Similarly, relatedness decreased in the west from the Neolithic transition onwards, whereas, east of the Urals, relatedness remained high until around 4,000 BP, consistent with the persistence of localized groups of hunter-gatherers. The boundary dissolved when Yamnaya-related ancestry spread across western Eurasia around 5,000 BP, resulting in a second major turnover that reached most parts of Europe within a 1,000-year span. The genetic origin and fate of the Yamnaya have remained elusive, but we show that hunter-gatherers from the Middle Don region contributed ancestry to them. Yamnaya groups later admixed with individuals associated with the Globular Amphora culture before expanding into Europe. Similar turnovers occurred in western Siberia, where we report new genomic data from a ‘Neolithic steppe’ cline spanning the Siberian forest steppe to Lake Baikal. These prehistoric migrations had profound and lasting effects on the genetic diversity of Eurasian populations.
Major migration events in Holocene Eurasia have been characterized genetically at broad regional scales1,2,3,4. However, insights into the population dynamics in the contact zones are hampered by a lack of ancient genomic data sampled at high spatiotemporal resolution5,6,7. Here, to address this, we analysed shotgun-sequenced genomes from 100 skeletons spanning 7,300 years of the Mesolithic period, Neolithic period and Early Bronze Age in Denmark and integrated these with proxies for diet (13C and 15N content), mobility (87Sr/86Sr ratio) and vegetation cover (pollen). We observe that Danish Mesolithic individuals of the Maglemose, Kongemose and Ertebølle cultures form a distinct genetic cluster related to other Western European hunter-gatherers. Despite shifts in material culture they displayed genetic homogeneity from around 10,500 to 5,900 calibrated years before present, when Neolithic farmers with Anatolian-derived ancestry arrived. Although the Neolithic transition was delayed by more than a millennium relative to Central Europe, it was very abrupt and resulted in a population turnover with limited genetic contribution from local hunter-gatherers. The succeeding Neolithic population, associated with the Funnel Beaker culture, persisted for only about 1,000 years before immigrants with eastern Steppe-derived ancestry arrived. This second and equally rapid population replacement gave rise to the Single Grave culture with an ancestry profile more similar to present-day Danes. In our multiproxy dataset, these major demographic events are manifested as parallel shifts in genotype, phenotype, diet and land use.
This article presents the genetic research results of selected multiple burials from one of the oldest medieval cemeteries in Berlin. Extensive excavations since 2007 have uncovered 3,121 graves containing 3,778 individuals at the former St. Peters churchyard in the city centre of the German capital Berlin. The use of the area as a cemetery started around 1150 and ended in 1717. The parish belonged to the medieval city of Cölln one of the two founding cores of Berlin. Among the found graves was a noticeably high amount (12%) of multiple burials. Eight selected grave complexes, which contained in total 17 individuals, were chosen that indicated some kind of relationship based on the arrangement of the bodies. Our main focus was to investigate the role of biological kinship in these medieval burial customs. Additionally we provide data about the genetic ancestry of all individuals as well as phenotyping predictions.
