Főleg Európa népeinek genetikai összetételéről, ami történelem során folyamatosan változott szól a topik. A neandervölyiektől kezdve. A történelmi összefüggéseken van a hangsúly.
The replacement of hunter-gatherer lifestyles by agriculture represents a pivotal change in human history. The initial stage of this Neolithic transition in Europe was instigated by the migration of farmers from Anatolia and the Aegean basin. In this study, we modeled the expansion of Neolithic farmers into Central Europe from Anatolia, along the Continental route of dispersal. We employed spatially explicit simulations of palaeogenomic diversity and high-quality palaeogenomic data from 67 prehistoric individuals to assess how population dynamics between indigenous European hunter-gatherers and incoming farmers varied across space and time. Our results demonstrate that admixture between the two groups increased locally over time at each stage of the Neolithic expansion along the Continental route. We estimate that the effective population size of farmers was about five times that of the hunter-gatherers. Additionally, we infer that sporadic long distance migrations of early farmers contributed to their rapid dispersal, while competitive interactions with hunter-gatherers were limited.
The third millennium BCE was a pivotal period of profound cultural and genomic transformations in Europe associated with migrations from the Pontic-Caspian steppe, which shaped the ancestry patterns in the present-day European genome. We performed a high-resolution whole-genome analysis including haplotype phasing of seven individuals of a collective burial from ~2500 cal BCE and of a Bell Beaker individual from ~2300 cal BCE in the Paris Basin in France. The collective burial revealed the arrival in real time of steppe ancestry in France. We reconstructed the genome of an unsampled individual through its relatives’ genomes, enabling us to shed light on the early-stage admixture patterns, dynamics, and propagation of steppe ancestry in Late Neolithic Europe. We identified two major Neolithic/steppe-related ancestry admixture pulses around 3000/2900 BCE and 2600 BCE. These pulses suggest different population expansion dynamics with striking links to the Corded Ware and Bell Beaker cultural complexes.
En nem hiszem, hogy DNS alapjan egyertelmuen meg lehet kulonboztatni egy magyar, cseh, szlovak vagy osztrak (nemet, na jo talan ot igen) esetleg lengyel nemzetisegu katonat.
Egy nem túl szokványos eset, 1866-ban volt a königgratzi csata a poroszok és az osztrákok közt. Egy autópálya épül most ott és exhumálják a tömegsírban levő katonákat, elvileg genetikai vizsgálat is lesz.
Sajnos a harctér kellős közepét hamarosan autópálya szeli majd át, az annak nyomvonalán található számos egyéni és tömegsírt kell szeptemberig feltárniuk, s antropológiai vizsgálat után, tiszteletadással az elesetteket újra temetni. A feltárás éppen azon az arcvonal szakaszon folyt, ahol a III. hadtest Kirschberg dandárja nyomult előre. Ennek kötelékébe tartozott a kapsovári cs.-kir. 44. gyalogezred, akiket ma „rosseb bakaként” ismerünk. Mivel az testeket ott hantolták el, ahol a katonák elestek, akár az is meglehet, hogy a csatatér földjében itt magyar származású katonák nyugszanak. A genetikai vizsgálatok erre választ adnak majd.
The Eurasian Bronze Age (BA) has been described as a period of substantial human migrations, the emergence of pastoralism, horse domestication, and development of metallurgy. This study focuses on two north Eurasian sites sharing Siberian genetic ancestry. One of the sites, Rostovka, is associated with the Seima-Turbino (ST) phenomenon (~2200-1900 BCE) that is characterized by elaborate metallurgical objects found throughout Northern Eurasia. The genetic profiles of Rostovka individuals vary widely along the forest-tundra Siberian genetic cline represented by many modern Uralic-speaking populations, and the genetic heterogeneity observed is consistent with the current understanding of the ST being a transcultural phenomenon. Individuals from the second site, Bolshoy Oleni Ostrov in Kola, in comparison form a tighter cluster on the Siberian ancestry cline. We further explore this Siberian ancestry profile and assess the role of the ST phenomenon and other contemporaneous BA cultures in the spread of Uralic languages and Siberian ancestry.
The early Iron Age (800 to 450 BCE) in France, Germany and Switzerland, known as the ‘West-Hallstattkreis’, stands out as featuring the earliest evidence for supra-regional organization north of the Alps. Often referred to as ‘early Celtic’, suggesting tentative connections to later cultural phenomena, its societal and population structure remain enigmatic. Here we present genomic and isotope data from 31 individuals from this context in southern Germany, dating between 616 and 200 BCE. We identify multiple biologically related groups spanning three elite burials as far as 100 km apart, supported by trans-regional individual mobility inferred from isotope data. These include a close biological relationship between two of the richest burial mounds of the Hallstatt culture. Bayesian modelling points to an avuncular relationship between the two individuals, which may suggest a practice of matrilineal dynastic succession in early Celtic elites. We show that their ancestry is shared on a broad geographic scale from Iberia throughout Central-Eastern Europe, undergoing a decline after the late Iron Age (450 BCE to ~50 CE).
"At Bodajk – Proletárföldek, AHP190 (Grave 2, male) and AHPS195 (Grave 11, 3-4 year old boy) are first-degree relatives, father and son, as they have different mitochondrial lines but the same Y haplogroup (R1a1a1b1a1a1c1l~)." Rokonok :), jo lenne informacio a tovabbi "alabontasrol", sajnos a suplementary infok nincsenek kiposztolva
During the Early Medieval period, the Carpathian Basin witnessed significant demographic shifts, notably under Avar dominance for approximately 250 years, followed by the settlement of early Hungarians in the region during the late 9th century CE. This study presents the genetic analysis of 296 ancient samples, including 103 shotgun-sequenced genomes, from present-day Western Hungary. Utilising identity-by-descent (IBD) segment sharing networks, this research provides detailed insights into the population structure and dynamics of the region, spanning the 5th to the 11th centuries CE, with certain microregional foci. Our findings highlight extensive homogenisation and reorganisation processes, discontinuities between Hun, Avar, and Conquest period immigrant groups, alongside the spread and integration of ancestry related to the Hungarian conquerors. This research is among the pioneering efforts to apply IBD analysis to ancient DNA, offering a nuanced understanding of the population dynamics between the 8th and 11th centuries CE in the Carpathian Basin.
Köszönöm hogy felraktad a tanulmányokat. Különben érdekes egyéni vándorlások voltak a történelemben, például nem tudom hogy kerülhetett az én egyik apai haplocsoportom, az R-U152 Szaúd-Arábiába, Kazahsztánba és Csecsenföldre.
West and South Asian populations profoundly influenced Eurasian genetic and cultural diversity. We investigate the genetic history of the Y chromosome haplogroup L1-M22, which, while prevalent in these regions, lacks in-depth study. Robust Bayesian analyses of 165 high-coverage Y chromosomes favor a West Asian origin for L1-M22 ∼20.6 thousand years ago (kya). Moreover, this haplogroup parallels the genome-wide genetic ancestry of hunter-gatherers from the Iranian Plateau and the Caucasus. We characterized two L1-M22 harboring population groups during the Early Holocene. One expanded with the West Asian Neolithic transition. The other moved to South Asia ∼8-6 kya but showed no expansion. This group likely participated in the spread of Dravidian languages. These South Asian L1-M22 lineages expanded ∼4-3 kya, coinciding with the Steppe ancestry introduction. Our findings advance the current understanding of Eurasian historical dynamics, emphasizing L1-M22’s West Asian origin, associated population movements, and possible linguistic impacts.
The North Pontic region, which encompasses present-day Ukraine, was a crossroads of migration as it connected the vast Eurasian Steppe with Central Europe. We generated shotgun-sequenced genomic data for 91 individuals dating from around 7,000 BCE to 1,800 CE to study migration and mobility history in the region, with a particular focus on historically attested migrating groups during the Iron Age and the medieval period, such as Scythian, Chernyakhiv, Saltiv and Nogai associated peoples. We infer a high degree of temporal heterogeneity in ancestry, with fluctuating genetic affinities to present-day Western European, Eastern European, Western Steppe and East Asian groups. We also infer high heterogeneity in ancestry within geographically, culturally and socially defined groups. Despite this, we find that ancestry components which are widespread in Eastern and Central Europe have been present in the Ukraine region since the Bronze Age.
This study focuses on exploring the uniparental genetic lineages of Hungarian-speaking minorities residing in rural villages of Baranja (Croatia) and the Zobor region (Slovakia). We aimed to identify ancestral lineages by examining genetic markers distributed across the entire mitogenome and on the Y-chromosome. This allowed us to discern disparities in regional genetic structures within these communities. By integrating our newly acquired genetic data from a total of 168 participants with pre-existing Eurasian and ancient DNA datasets, our goal was to enrich the understanding of the genetic history trajectories of Carpathian Basin populations. Our findings suggest that while population-based analyses may not be sufficiently robust to detect fine-scale uniparental genetic patterns with the sample sizes at hand, phylogenetic analysis of well-characterized Y-chromosomal Short Tandem Repeat (STR) data and entire mitogenome sequences did uncover multiple lineage ties to far-flung regions and eras. While the predominant portions of both paternal and maternal DNA align with the East-Central European spectrum, rarer subhaplogroups and lineages have unveiled ancient ties to both prehistoric and historic populations spanning Europe and Eastern Eurasia. This research augments the expansive field of phylogenetics, offering critical perspectives on the genetic constitution and heritage of the communities in East-Central Europe.
Úgy tűnik, hogy a székelyeknek ezt a közvetlen türk eredetét kb. el lehet felejteni.
Szerintem az a legvalószínűbb elmélet, hogy eredetileg határőr-népesség voltak, akiket csak az Árpád-korban telepítettek át Erdély keleti részeire, a nagy részüket feltehetően a Nyugat-Dunántúlról.
A kortárs népességnél a honfoglalókkal való kapcsolat és a keleti kapcsolatok érdekelték őket főleg, szóval egy kelet-európai népesség a magyar, kis ázsiai beütéssel, de érdemes megnézni a videókat, a legtöbb archeogenetikai témájú.
