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LvT Creative Commons License 2005-03-24 14:20:55 371
Dear hinemoa,

Firstly, I don’t specialise on generative grammar and I didn’t read any papers dealing with Raising and Control in Hungarian. Therefore, I will be possibly wrong...

I’ve read some papers to be able to answer you. I think that this Raising and Control concept has no relevance in Hungarian (however it exists if we want it to exist). The reason is that Raising is very rare in Hungarian because of the limited usage of non-finite verbal forms in IP’s.

A paper said that this concept arose from transformative approach, i.e. sentence with a null subject (It) seems Paul to yawn can be transformed to a new sentence by raising the subject of the subordinate clause to the matrix subject position, that is to sentence Paul seems to yawn.

This transformation works only in a few subset of verbs in Hungarian (e.g. látszik ‘seem’, hallatszik ‘be heard’). Variants with null subject are much frequent, though, and they use always finite verb forms. E.g. Úgy látszik, hogy [Pál ásít] ‘(It) seems that [Paul yawns]’ > Pál [ásítani] látszik ‘Paul seems [to yawn]’.

I found some tests in an English paper to distinguish between Raising and Control. I try to demonstrate their parallelisms in Hungarian.

I) Sentences with active and passive subjects are synonymous in case of Subject-to-Subject Raising:
(E.1) Paul seems [to have interviewed John] = John seems [to have been interviewed by Paul]
(E.2) Paul hopes [to interview John] ≠ John hopes [to be interviewed by Paul]

It is very hard to reproduce in Hungarian, because there’s no passive voice. Instead of passive voice Hungarian uses adverbial participle in -va/ve (~ English gerund used as a modal complement) and verb to be, however, this construction can denote only the resulting state of the action. If we use adverbial participle we can emulate the above phenomenon (however, the sentences seem to be unnatural):
(H.1) Pál [interjúvolni] látszik [Jánost] = János [interjúvolva] látszik [lenni Pál által]
(H.1) Pál [interjúvolni] reméli [Jánost] ≠ János [interjúvolva] remél [lenni Pál által]

II) Subject-to-Subject Raising predicates are expletive:
(E.1) It rains a lot > It seems [to rain a lot]
(E.2) It rains a lot > *It tries [to rain a lot]
(H.1) Sokat esik > ?[Sokat esni] látszik
(H.2) Sokat esik > *[Sokat esni] próbál
N.B. Sentence ?[Sokat esni] látszik is possible but quite unnatural, we use finite clause instead: Úgy látszik, hogy [sokat esik] ‘It seems that [it rains a lot]’.

If you have further specific questions, I’ll try to answer them. And let’s hope that nick called rumci will find this topic, s/he studies generative grammar.
A hozzászólás:
hinemoa Creative Commons License 2005-03-23 08:20:44 370
SOS - Hungarian Raising & Control?

Can someone please tell me about "Raising & Control" constructions in Hungarian, please? Do they exist at all? How do they work?

Any help is appreciated :-)

Hinemoa

Ha kedveled azért, ha nem azért nyomj egy lájkot a Fórumért!